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An inkstone, a piece of polished stone no bigger than an outstretched hand, is an instrument for grinding ink, an object of art, a token of exchange between friends or sovereign states, and a surface on which texts and images are carved. As such, the inkstone has been entangled with elite masculinity and the values of wen (culture, literature, civility) in China, Korea, and Japan for more than a millennium. However, for such a ubiquitous object in East Asia, it is virtually unknown in the Western world.Examining imperial workshops in the Forbidden City, the Duan quarries in Guangdong, the commercial workshops in Suzhou, and collectors� homes in Fujian, The Social Life of Inkstones traces inkstones between court and society and shows how collaboration between craftsmen and scholars created a new social order in which the traditional hierarchy of �head over hand� no longer predominated. Dorothy Ko also highlights the craftswoman Gu Erniang, through whose work the artistry of inkstone-making achieved unprecedented refinement between the 1680s and 1730s.The Social Life of Inkstones explores the hidden history and cultural significance of the inkstone and puts the stonecutters and artisans on center stage. Получить ссылку |
Social Capital and Strategy Effectiveness: An Empirical Study of Entrepreneurial Ventures in a Transition Economy
Автор: I. Manev
Год издания:
Although new ventures’ competitive positioning and their founders’ social networks are both recognized as important in the context of transition economies, not much is known about their multiplicative effect on performance. We build on the strategic management literature and social network theory to develop theoretical predictions about the role of competitive strategies and social capital for entrepreneurial performance. These are tested with survey data from Bulgaria. We find that both the venture’s competitive strategic positioning and the founder’s networking positively influence performance. The hypothesized moderating effect of networking for the relationship between differentiation strategy and performance received only tentative support. Contrary to expectations, we find a negative moderating effect of networking for the relationship of cost leadership with performance. These results suggest that the entrepreneur’s network plays a role in shaping how strategies influence performance by possibly upholding differentiation and deemphasizing cost leadership strategy. Implications for managerial practice and public policy are discussed.
Theorie des richesses sociales. T. 1
Автор: Frederic Skarbek
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Theorie des richesses sociales : Tome 1 : suivie d'une bibliographie de l'economie politique / par le Comte Frederic Skarbek».
Theorie des lois sociales
Автор: J. F. de Brie
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Theorie des lois sociales / par J.F. Dauray de Brie».
Theorie des richesses sociales. T. 2
Автор: Frederic Skarbek
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Theorie des richesses sociales : Tome 2 : suivie d'une bibliographie de l'economie politique / par le Comte Frederic Skarbek».
Histoire de la Sorbonne dans laquelle on voit l'insluence de la Theologie sur l'ordre social. T. 1
Автор: J. Duvernet
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Histoire de la Sorbonne dans laquelle on voit l'insluence de la Theologie sur l'ordre social. T. 1 / par M. l'Abbe J. Duvernet».
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