Variations of Suburbanism
Автор: Группа авторов
Год издания: 0000
Considered to be sub-ordinated and sub-prime to the city, sub-urban areas receive little attention by researchers and designers. However, it's the rapidly growing areas outside the central cities that pose the biggest questions of the urban millennium: How can the scattered patchwork of urban areas and social spaces linked by networks of highways and public transportation function as a sustainable and livable urban environment? Answering this question requires understanding suburban spaces as heterogeneous urban areas with distinct local characteristics, qualities, and problems.
Following this path, Variations of Suburbanism explores formation, characteristics, and trends of suburban areas all over the world. It provides insights on common features and differences of suburban governance, design, and infrastructure and discusses strategies to understand and design suburban areas in an increasingly sub-urbanizing world.
The Pauson-Khand Reaction. Scope, Variations and Applications
Автор: Ramon Torres Rios
Год издания:
The Pauson-Khand reaction is an important reaction in the field of organic chemistry. It involves the transition-metal catalysed cycloaddition of an alkyne, an alkene and carbon monoxide, to produce cyclopentenones. The importance of this reaction originates from its high value in transforming simple components into the synthetically useful cyclopentenone unit, in which a high degree of molecular complexity can be achieved in a single step, with impressive stereochemical and regiochemical control. The Pauson-Khand Reaction investigates the nature and many variations of this reaction. Topics covered include: the mechanisms of Pauson?Khand-type reactions non chiral intramolecular and intermolecular versions of Pauson?Khand reactions asymmetric Pauson?Khand reaction using chiral auxiliaries the enantioselective Pauson?Khand reaction Pauson?Khand reactions catalysed by metals other than cobalt unconventional Pauson?Khand reactions the Pauson?Khand reaction in total synthesis Presenting a comprehensive overview of this fundamental reaction, The Pauson-Khand Reaction will find a place on the bookshelves of any organic or organometallic chemist.